Author: (Moreau, 1888)
Symbolophorus veranyi (Moreau, 1888)
Status in World Register of Marine Species:
Accepted name: Symbolophorus veranyi (Moreau, 1888) (updated 2009-06-25)
Diagnosis: dorsal finrays 14 (rarely 13); anal finrays 22 (21-23); pectoral finrays 13 (12, rarely 14). Gillrakers 5 (rarely 6) + 1 + 13 (12-14), total 19 (18-20, rarely 21). AO 8 (7-9) + 8 (7-9), total 16 (15-17, rarely 14); VE 38 (37-39). Pectoral fins unpigmented. AOa series markedly arched anteriorly, with AOa1 depressed and AOa2 lower than AOa3 (sometimes level). AOa-AOp interspace less than distance last AOa-Pol (sometimes equal). Males with supra-caudal gland only, consisting of 1-3 coalesced luminous patches; females with infra-caudal gland only, consisting of 3 (2-4) luminous scales, sometimes overlapping or partially coalesced. Size: to 120 mm.
Habitat: high-oceanic, mesopelagic. Mediterranean: day at 100 m and 700-800 m; nyctoepipelagic at surface and down to 150 m (maximum abundance at surface and at 45 m). Size stratification with depth at night, with small sub-adults deeper than large sub-adults and adults. Post-larvae non-migratory at 45-150 m. Food: no data. Reproduction: caudal glands develop in both sexes at 60-65 mm; sexually mature from about 91 mm.
Distribution: endemic Mediterranean and Atlantic: north temperate pattern (temperate-subtropical subpattern), between 34° and 54° N, with waifs to off Iceland and to 26° N in eastern sector; in slope water region in western sector.
Eggs, larvae and young stages. Emery, 1883: pl. 28 (fig. 10-11) | Mazzarelli, 1910: 324, pl. 2 (fig. 5-8); 1912: 13, 17, pl. 2 (fig. 15-18), pl. 3 (fig. 33, 35, 37-38), pl. 4 (fig. 3949) | Tåning, 1918: 63-67, fig. 21-22 | Roule and Angel, 1930: 38-39, fig. 52, 55-57 | Tåning, 1932: pl. 112 (fig. 2) | Tortonese, 1956: 930 934, fig. 809-811.
Otoliths (sagitta). No data.