Literature
- Bigelow, H. B.; Schroeder, W. C. 1953b. Fishes of the Gulf of Maine, Fishery Bull Fish WildL Serv. U.S., 53: 1-577, fig. 1-288.
- Gill, T. N. 1864i. Synopsis of the North American Gadoid Fishes. Proc. Acad. nat. Sci. Philad., 1863 [1864], 15: 229-242.
- Hildebrand, S. F.; Louella, E. C. 1938. Further notes on the development and lifehistory of some Teleosts at Beaufort, N. C. Bull. Bur. Fish., Wash., 48: 505-642, 159 fig.
- Jordan, D. S.; Evermann, B. W. 1896-1900. The Fishes of North and Middle America, a descriptive catalogue of the species of fish-like vertebrates found in the waters of North America, north of the isthmus of Panama. Bull. U.S. natn. Mus., (47), Part I, 1896: Ix + 1-1240; Part II, 1898: xxx + 1241-2183 ; Part III, 1898: xxiv + 2184-3136; Part IV, 1900: ci + 3137-3313, 391 pl. (958 fig.).
- Svetovidov, A. N. 1948. [Gadiformes. Fauna U.S.S.R., Fishes], 9 (2): 222 pp., 39 fig., pl. I-LXXII (in Russian, transl. Jerusalem, 1962, 232 pp.).
- Walbaum, J. J. 1792. Petri Artedi sueci genera Piscium in quibus systema totum ichthyologiae proponitur cum classibus, ordinibus, generum characteribus, specierum differentiis, observationibus plurimis. Ichthyologiae Pars III. Grypeswaldiae, [ed. II], 723 p., 3 pl.