Literature
- Brauer, A. 1902. Diagnosen von neuen Tiefseefischen, welche von der Valdivia-Expedition gesammelt sind. Zool Anz., Leipzig, 25 (668): 277-298.
- Brauer, A. 1906. Die Tiefseefische. 1. Systematischer Teil. Wiss. Ergebn. dt. Tiefsee-Exped. 'Valdivia', Iena, 15 (1): pp. 1-432, 18 pl., 176 fig.
- Gibbs, R. H. Jr. 1964a. Family Astronesthidae in Fishes of the Western North Atlantic. Mem. Sears Found. Mar. Res., New Haven, 1(4): 311-350, fig. 77-91.
- Norman, J. R. 1930. Oceanic fishes and flatfishes collected in 1925-1927. 'Discovery' Rep., 2: pp. 261-370, 47 fig., 2 pl.
- Parr, A. E. 1927b. The stomiatoid fishes of the suborder Gymnophotodermi (Astronesthidae, Melanostomiatidae, Idiacanthidae) with a complete review of the species. Bull. Bingham oceanogr. Coll., 3 (2): 1-123, 62 fig.
- Regan, C. T.; Trewavas, E. 1929a. The fishes of the families Astronesthidae and Chauliodontidae. Danish Dana Exped. 1920-1922, (5): 1-143, 24 fig., 7 pl.