Literature
- Gilbert, C. H. 1892. Descriptions of Apodal fishes from the tropical Pacific. Proc. U.S. natn. Mus., 14: 347-352.
- Jordan, D. S.; Davis, B. M. 1892. A preliminary review of the apodal fishes or eels inhabiting the waters of America and Europe. Rep. U.S. Commnr Fish. for 1888: 581-677, 8 pl.
- Koefoed, E. 1927. Fishes from the Sea-Bottom. Rep. scient. Results Michael Sars N. Atlant. deep Sea Exped., [tittle page:.