Literature
- George, CJ.; Athanassiou, V.; Tortonese, E. 1971 . The presence of a third species of Sphyraena (Pisces) in the Marine waters of Lebanon. Ann. Mus. St. Nat. Cenova, 78: 256-263, 5 fig. .
- Linnaeus, C. 1758. Systema Naturae, ed. X, vol. 1, 824 pp. Nantes & Pisces: pp. 230-338. (Reprint, 1956, London.).