Literature
- Chao, L. N. 1981. Sciaenidae. In: W. Fischer, G. Bianchi and W. B. Scott (eds.), FAO species identification sheets for fishery purposes. Eastern central Atlantic, fishing area 34 and part of 47. FAO, Rome.
- Chao, L. N.; Miller, R. V. 1975. Two new species of sciaenid fishes (tribe: Sciaenini) from the Caribbean Sea and adjacent waters. Bull. Mar. Sci., 25: 259-271.
- Gill, T. N. 1863a. Notes on the Sciaenoids of California. Proc. Acad. nat. Sci. Philad., 1862 [1863], 14: pp. 16-18.
- Trewavas, E. 1973. Sciaenidae. In: J.-C. Hureau and T. Monod (eds.), Check-list of the fishes of the North-eastern Atlantic and of the Mediterranean, Vol. 1, p. 396-401.
- Trewavas, E. 1977. The Sciaenid fishes (croakers or drums) of the Indo-West-Pacific. Trans. scol Soc. Lond. 33: 253-541, 61 f4., 14 pl.