Literature
- Barbour, T. 1947. The northwestern Atlantic species of frog fishes. Proc. New Engl. zool. Club, 19: 21-40 pl. VIII-XVII.
- Pietsch, T. W. 1984. Lophiiformes: development and relationships. In: H. G. Moser, W. J. Richards, D. M. Cohen, M. P. Fahay, A. W. Kendall Jr. and S. L. Richardson (eds.), Ontogeny and systematics of fishes, p. 320-325. Special publication No. 1, American Society of Ichthyologists and Herpeto!ogists .
- Pietsch, T. W.; Grobecher, D. B. 1987. Frogfishes of the World: Systematics, Zoogeography and Behavioral Ecology. Stanford University Press, Stanford, California, xxiv + 424 pp.